Malayalam keyboard | Malayalam examples | Switches |
Vowel:
അ=a, ആ=A,aa, ഇ=i, ഈ=I,ee, ഉ=u, ഊ=U,oo, ഋ=Ru, ൠ=RU, എ=e, ഏ=E, ഐ=ai, ഒ=o, ഓ=O, ഔ=au,ou
ഁ = ~M
ം = M
ഃ = H
Consonant:
ക്=k, ഖ്=K,kh, ഗ്=g, ഘ്=G,gh, ങ്=~g
ച്=c,ch, ഛ്=C,Ch, ജ്=j, ഝ്=J,jh, ഞ്=~j
ട്=T, ഠ്=Th, ഡ്=D, ഢ്=Dh, ണ്=N
ത്=t, ഥ്=th, ദ്=d, ധ്=dh, ന്=n
പ്=p, ഫ്=P,ph, ബ്=b, ഭ്=B,bh, മ്=m
യ്=y,Y, ര്=r, റ്=rx,tx ല്=l, വ്=v,w, ശ്=S,sh, ഷ്=Sh, സ്=s, ഹ്=h,~h, ള്=L, ഴ്=zh,Lx
ജ്ഞ = j~ja
ക്ഷ = kSha
Others:
ഽ = &
₹ = Rs
ZWJ = ^
ZWNJ = ^^
Punctuation Marks:
The English symbols [ ] { } ( ) - + * / = ; : . , " ? ! % \ ~ _ | convert to the same symbols in Malayalam also.
Quotation Marks:
` ' characters are converted to single smart quotes (‘ ’) characters. We can get double smart quotes (“ ”) by using them twice.
When a consonant character is used alone, it results in a dead consonant (mula vyanjana).
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Example k, c, T, t, p = ക്, ച്, ട്, ത്, പ് N, n, r, l, L = ണ്, ന്, ര്, ല്, ള് |
When a consonant character is followed by a vowel character, it results in a live consonant.
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ka kA ki kI ku kU kRu kRU ke kE kai ko kO kau kaM kaH ക കാ കി കീ കു കൂ കൃ കൠ കെ കേ കൈ കൊ കോ കൗ കം കഃ pashu pAl tarunnu. പശു പാല് തരുന്നു. sahAyaM ceytavare marxakkarutu^. സഹായം ചെയ്തവരെ മറക്കരുതു. |
‘ഹ’ consonant can be written in two ways; 'h' and '~h'. If you want to apply a ‘ഹ’ half consonant to consonants such as 'k', 'g', 't', 'd', etc, you have to use '~h' instead of of 'h'.
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Example: bakkiMghAm = ബക്കിംഘാമ് bakkiMg~hAm = ബക്കിംഗ്ഹാമ് |
ZWJ, ZWNJ:
^ = ZWJ (zero width joiner)
^^ = ZWNJ (zero width non joiner)
If ZWJ comes after N,n,r,l,L consonants, we get the chillu forms.
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Example: N, n, r, l, L = ണ്, ന്, ര്, ല്, ള് N^, n^, r^, l^, L^ = ണ്, ന്, ര്, ല്, ള്
janma = ജന്മ jan^ma = ജന്മ jan^^ma = ജന്മ |
When ZWJ comes after the 'u' vowel sign, a chandrakkala symbol is added on the top of the 'u' vowel sign. [Note: Malayalam linguists deny the use of chandrakkala symbol with vowel signs. But, such usage can be found even today.]
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Example: nUr = നൂര് nUru = നൂരു nUru^ = നൂരു
vIT = വീട് vITu = വീടു vITu^ = വീടു |
If a dead consonant is required in the middle of a word, the ZWNJ character should be used after the consonant.
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Example: satsaMgaM = സത്സംഗം sat^^saMgaM = സത്സംഗം
sAPTwEr = സാഫ്ട്വേര് sAPT^^wEr = സാഫ്ട്വേര് |
If two English characters are making one Malayalam vowel (ex: ai, ou), then, ZWNJ character can be used to separate them into different vowels.
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Example: iMDiyainPo = ഇംഡിയൈന്ഫൊ iMDiya^^inPo = ഇംഡിയഇന്ഫൊ |