Writing Oriya words using Baraha transliteration scheme is as easy as writing our names in English. For example, ÑiÇl SeðhÌiÈ hÇla can be written as mor janmabhoomi bhaarat. The transliteration rules are shown below with examples.
Vowels:
A=a, AÇ=A,aa, B=i, C=I,ee, D=u, E=U,oo, F=Ru, G=RU, H=e,E, I=ai,oi, J=o,O, K=au,ou
÷ = ~M
õ = M
ö = H
Consonants:
L=k, M=K,kh, N=g, O=G,gh, P–=~g
Q=c,ch, R=C,Ch, S=j, T=J,jh, U=~j
V=T, W=Th, X=D, Y=Dh, Z=N
a=t, b=th, c=d, d=dh, e=n
f=p, fô=P,ph, g=b, h=B,bh, i=m
j=y, k–=Y, l=r, m=l, o=v, p=w, q=S,sh, r=Sh, s=s, t=h,~h, n=L
ùX=Dx
ùY=Dhx
Others:
û = & (avagraha)
ù (nukta) = x
Zero Width Joiner = ^
Zero Width Non Joiner = ^^
Punctuation Marks:
The English symbols [ ] { } ( ) - + * / = | ; : . , " ? ! % \ ~ _ @ # $ translate into the same symbols in Oriya also.
Quotation Marks:
` ' characters are converted to single smart quotes (` ') characters. We can get double smart quotes (`` '') by using them twice.
~ Usage:
'~' character when used with other characters form a different character as shown below.
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Example: ~~ = ~ ~& = & ~^ = ^ ~g = P– ~j = U ~h = t |
When a consonant character is followed by a vowel character, it results in a live consonant.
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ka kA ki kI ku kU kRu kRU ke kE kai ko kO kau kaM kaH L LÇ LÈ LÉ LÊ LÌ LÎ LÐ ÑL ÑL ÑLÒ ÑLÇ ÑLÇ ÑLÓ Lõ Lö mu~M jaNe bhAratIY. iøÊ SÑZ hÇlaÉk–. |
Note:
In the Oriya transliteration, an implicit 'a' matra is assumed for the last consonant of the word.
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Example: k,c,T,t,p --> ka,ca,Ta,ta,pa -->L,Q,V,a,f |
When two or more consecutive consonants appear in the input, they make a conjunct. The first consonant takes the full form and the following consonants become half forms.
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Example: sAPTwEr - sÇfôÞýÑpl rAjkumAr - lÇSØËiÇl |
`t' consonant can be written in two ways; 'h' and '~h'. If you want to apply a `t' half consonant to consonants such as 'k', 'g', 't', 'd', etc, you have to use '~h' instead of of 'h'.
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Example: bakkiMghAm = guÈõOÇi bakkiMg~hAm = guÈõNütÇi |
ZWJ, ZWNJ characters:
^ = ZWJ (zero width joiner)
^^ = ZWNJ (zero width non joiner)
If a dead consonant (consonant with halant symbol) is required in the middle of a word, the ZWJ or ZWNJ character should be used after the consonant.
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Example: rAjkumAr - lÇSØËiÇl rAj^kumAr - lÇSüLÊiÇl |
If two English characters are making one Oriya vowel (ex: ai, ou), then, ZWJ or ZWNJ character can be used to separate them into different vowels.
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Example: iMDiYainPo = BõXÈÑkÒ–ÑeåÇ iMDiYa^inPo = BõXÈk–BÑeåÇ |
Independent Glyphs:
In some special cases, it may be required to show specific glyphs in the fonts. They can be obtained by specifying the hex value of the glyph code. This value should be in the range 0x0000 - 0xFFFF (0 - 65536). If the value is between 0x00 - 0xFF (0 - 255), then it represents the glyph code of a font. If the value is 0x100 - 0xFFFF (256 - 65536), then it represents a unicode character. In Baraha editor, the UNICODE characters are not supported and hence shown as '?' symbol. But, when the document is exported to UNICODE format, these UNICODE characters will be retained.
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Example: #d1; = Ñ #fa; = ú #c85; = ? #0905; = ? |
Roman Numerals:
All Baraha fonts have Indian language numerals in the place of roman numerals. For example, the "BRH Oriya" font has Oriya numerals. If roman numerals are required, you have to use either "BRH Oriya RN" font or <lang=eng> switch as shown below.
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Example: <font="BRH Oriya RN">12345678901234567890 <lang=eng>1234567890 1234567890 |