Writing Bengali words using Baraha transliteration scheme is as easy as writing our names in English. g²ç³fY² Açhç³f ôam can be written as bhArat AmAr desh. Bengali script used for Bengali, Assamese, and Manipuri languages are supported in Baraha. The transliteration rules are shown below with examples.
Vowel:
A = a, Aç = A,aa, B = i, C = I,ee, D = u, E = U,oo, F = Ru, Fï = RU, ® = ~Lu, ®ò = ~LU, G = e,E, H = ai,oi I = o,O, J = au,ou
þ = ~M
ü = M
ý = H
Consonant:
K² = k, L = K,kh, M = g, N = G,gh, O± = ~g
P± = c,ch, Q² = C,Ch, R = j, S± = J,jh, G¸ = ~j
T± = T, U± = Th, V² = D, W± = Dh, X = N
Y² = t, Z = th, a = d, b = dh, c = n
d = p, e² = P,ph, f = b, g² = B,bh, h = m
i = y, ³i = Y,yx, ³f = r, j = rx, k = l, k = L, l = v,w, m = S,sh, n = Sh, o = s, p = h,~h
´V² = Dx
´W± = Dhx
Note: j, and l are used in Assamese language.
Others:
– = & (avagraha)
• = #95; (Isshar)
´ (nukta) = x
Zero Width Joiner = ^
Zero Width Non Joiner = ^^
Punctuation Marks:
The English symbols [ ] { } ( ) - + * / = | ; : . , " ? ! % \ ~ _ @ # $ translate into the same symbols in Bengali also.
Quotation Marks:
` ' characters are converted to single smart quotes(` ') characters. We can get double smart quotes(`` '') by using them twice.
~ Usage:
'~' character when used with other characters form a different character as shown below.
|
Example: ~~ = ~ ~& = & ~^ = ^ ~g = O± ~j = G¸ ~h = p ~M = þ |
When a consonant character is followed by a vowel character, it results in a live consonant.
|
Example ka kA ki kI ku kU kRu kRU ke kai ko kau kaM kaH K² K²ç èK² K²é Kë² Kí² Kï² Kñ² ôK² øK² ôK²ç ôK²û K²ü K²ý Ami bhAratIY Açèh g²ç³fY²é³i |
Note:
In the Bengali transliteration, an implicit 'a' matra is assumed for the last consonant of the word.
|
Example: k,c,T,t,p --> ka,ca,Ta,ta,pa -->K²,P±,T±,Y²,d |
When two or more consecutive consonants appear in the input, they make a consonant conjunct. The last consonant takes the full form and the preceding consonants become half consonants.
|
Example: nyAy - Ûiçi |
`p' consonant can be written in two ways; 'h', '~h'. If you want to apply a `p' half consonant to consonants such as 'k', 'g', 't', 'd', etc, you have to use '~h' instead of of 'h'.
|
Example: bakkiMghAm = fèq²üNçh bakkiMg~hAm = fèq²üÌpçh |
ZWJ, ZWNJ characters:
^ = ZWJ (zero width joiner)
^^ = ZWNJ (zero width non joiner)
Usually when a consonant cluster (two or more consecutive consonants) occurs, it will be rendered as a ligature if that is available in the font. The ZWJ and ZWNJ can be used to produce an alternate rendering of the ligatures.
If a consonant is followed by the ZWJ, half-form of the consonant is formed.
|
Example: rakShaNa - ³fv²X rak^ShaNa - ³fÊnX |
If a dead consonant (consonant with hasant symbol) is required, the ZWNJ character should be used after the consonant.
|
Example: rAj^^kumAr - ³fçR¯Kë²hç³f rAjkumAr^^ - ³fçÐKë²hç³f¯ |
If two English characters are making one Bengali vowel (ex: ai, ou), then, ZWJ or ZWNJ character can be used to separate them into different vowels.
|
Example: iMDiYainPo = BüèV²ú³iöÛe²ç iMDiYa^inPo = BüèV²³iBöÛe²ç iMDiYa^^inPo = BüèV²³iBöÛe²ç |
Independent Glyphs:
In some special cases, it may be required to show specific glyphs in the fonts. They can be obtained by specifying the hex value of the glyph code. This value should be in the range 0x0000 - 0xFFFF (0 - 65536). If the value is between 0x00 - 0xFF (0 - 255), then it represents the glyph code of a font. If the value is 0x100 - 0xFFFF (256 - 65536), then it represents a unicode character. In Baraha editor, the UNICODE characters are not supported and hence shown as '?' symbol. But, when the document is exported to UNICODE format, these UNICODE characters will be retained.
|
Example: #e9; = é #95; = • #c85; = ? #0905; = ? |
Roman Numerals:
All Baraha fonts have Indian language numerals in the place of roman numerals. For example, the "BRH Bengali" font has Bengali numerals. If roman numerals are required, you have to use either "BRH Bengali RN" font or <lang=eng> switch as shown below.
|
Example: <font="BRH Bengali RN">12345678901234567890 <lang=eng>1234567890 1234567890 |